What you are billed for
Token cost engineering is the practice of reducing what a workload costs to run without losing the answers you needed from it.
The bill has exactly two inputs
Every charge is a token count multiplied by a price. That is the whole of it, and the split between the two halves is the entire reason this subject has a method:
| you control | you do not control |
|---|---|
| how many tokens go in, on each request | what a token costs |
| how many come back | how prices change next quarter |
| how many requests are made at all | which tier a vendor retires |
Why this tutorial reasons in counts and not in dollars
Prices age. Token counts do not. Re-price everything in this tutorial and not one token count moves — only the dollar figures do, and they move together, so every comparison survives.
That is not a stylistic choice. It is the reason the method transfers to a reader whose prices differ from these, and it is checkable: the labs publish the conversion as a step you redo rather than as a result you inherit.
The two ways a cost reduction can fail
| # | how it fails | worst case | how you would find out |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | it saves nothing. The move was real, your traffic had nothing for it to act on | the engineering time is gone | the bill does not move |
| 2 | it costs an answer. The bill fell and something you needed stopped working | you ship a wrong answer | you might not |
Most advice about this subject addresses the first and is silent about the second. The whole of Part 2 is an ordering that keeps the two apart.